Bosch: A Pioneer in Fully Integrated eBike Systems

Bosch was one of the pioneers in developing complete systems for eBikes.
Its philosophy has always been total integration: instead of selling motors separately to manufacturers, Bosch provides complete systems — composed of the motor, wiring, battery, display, and control unit.

This approach offers major advantages: everything is standardized — from chargers to error messages — which simplifies diagnostics and ensures compatibility between models.

Bosch is also one of the world’s largest automotive component suppliers, and it’s no surprise that the company has applied its extensive automotive expertise to the world of electric bikes.

That’s why the Bosch eBike ecosystem uses the CANBus protocol for communication between components — the same method used in cars. In fact, Bosch invented the CAN system itself, first introduced in 1986.

As a result, Bosch eBike error codes work similarly to automotive CAN diagnostic codes (DTC): a self-check system that helps quickly identify any malfunction in the system.

In this article, you’ll find a practical and up-to-date guide to the most common Bosch eBike errors, their causes, and how to fix them.

System2 vs Smart System: Understanding the Difference

There’s an important distinction between error codes depending on which Bosch system your bike uses.

• System2 eBikes (2014–2019) use one set of codes.
  
• Smart System eBikes (2022 and newer) use a completely different list.
  

The Smart System wasn’t just an update with new displays and Bluetooth connectivity — it represented a complete redesign of the internal communication architecture, introducing a new encrypted CAN protocol that improves both security and system complexity.

What Bosch eBike Error Codes Mean

When something goes wrong with the motor, battery, or sensors, the Bosch system detects it and displays a numeric error code on the screen.

In many cases, simply restarting the bike (turning it off, waiting a few seconds, and turning it on again) is enough.

If the error persists, the number gives you a clue about the source — battery, motor, sensors, or software.

⚠️ In most cases, motor assistance will be disabled until the issue is resolved.

How to Tell If Your Bike Uses System2 or Smart System

Bikes equipped with System2 (2014–2019) use displays such as Intuvia, Nyon (first generation), or Purion.

Bikes with Smart System (2022+) feature the new Kiox 300/500, LED Remote, or Smart System Nyon.

Complete List of Bosch eBike Error Codes (System2)

(For motors manufactured between 2014 and 2019)

Code	Description	Quick Solution
410	Button stuck or control unit malfunction (display/remote)	Check and clean buttons. Restart the system. If persistent, update or replace display/remote.
414	Communication issue with the drive unit	Check connector condition and cabling.
418	One or more display buttons disabled or jammed	Clean and test buttons for debris or dirt.
419 / 422	Drive unit control error	Inspect all connectors and wiring. Restart.
423	Battery connection problem	Remove and reinsert the battery; check terminals.
424	Communication error between components	Check all connections and cable integrity.
426	Internal timeout error	Restart the system. If it persists, contact your dealer.
430	Internal battery in control unit depleted	Recharge or replace the control/display battery.
431	Software version mismatch	Restart the system. If still present, update software.
440	Internal drive unit fault	Restart. If the problem remains, contact service.
450	Internal software error	Restart. If it persists, update via diagnostic tool.
460 / 490	Control/display internal error	Replace display battery, check for stuck buttons, clean Intuvia contacts. Test with another control unit.
500	Internal motor failure	Restart. If persistent, contact Bosch service.
502	Headlight circuit error	Inspect headlight wiring and connectors. Restart.
503	Speed sensor malfunction	Check magnet distance (5–15 mm standard / 2–8 mm slim sensor), wiring, and restart.
510	Internal sensor error	Restart. Replace drive unit if the issue persists.
511	Internal motor error	Restart. Contact service if persistent.
530	Battery authentication failure	Use an original Bosch battery, reinstall, and restart. If still present, update software.
531	Configuration error	Check firmware compatibility and update.
540	High internal temperature (motor or control unit)	Allow the system to cool down for 10–15 minutes. Assistance may be limited during cooling.
550	Overload detected	Reduce load; restart the system.
580	Outdated or incompatible software	Update via Bosch eBike Flow App or dealer diagnostic. Restart after update.
591	Authentication error	Verify firmware and battery authenticity. Update software.
592	Version or configuration error	Update system firmware via Bosch diagnostics.
593	Configuration error	Check configuration with diagnostic tool.
595	Communication error	Inspect connectors and wiring. Restart.
596	Communication failure between components	Check CANBus and connections. Restart.
602 / 603 / 605	Software incompatibility	Update display and battery firmware.
606	System startup error	Restart. Update firmware if necessary.
610	Calibration or sensor initialization error	Perform calibration via diagnostic tool.
620	Battery communication issue	Inspect wiring and connectors. Restart.
640	Battery monitoring error	Check battery voltage and cell balance.
655 / 656	Communication/configuration issue (e.g., DualBattery, voltage, monitoring)	Restart. Update firmware or replace battery/cabling if needed.
5A1001 / 5A1002	Internal Drive Unit error	Save diagnostic report, clear error, and restart. If persistent, update or replace drive unit.
61xx / 65xx / 69xx	Battery communication/configuration errors	Restart, update, and inspect all wiring and dual battery settings.

Note: Some extended codes (e.g., 5A1xxx) are accessible only through Bosch Diagnostic Tool. Their meaning and solution require authorized dealer support.

Battery Indicator LED Codes

LED Pattern	Meaning	Solution
1 LED flashing	Battery temperature too low/high	Allow to warm up or cool down before charging.
2 LEDs flashing	Communication error between charger and battery	Check charger cable and contacts.
3 LEDs flashing	Battery internal error	Replace battery or have it inspected.
4 LEDs flashing	Charge error	Restart charging; if persistent, contact Bosch service.
5 LEDs flashing	Deep discharge detected	Charge the battery for several hours continuously.

Advanced & Internal Errors

Certain codes (mainly above 590 or in the 5A1xxx–69xx range) are visible only via the Bosch Diagnostic Tool used by authorized workshops.
These typically relate to firmware conflicts, deep-level communication faults, or sensor calibration issues.

Real Cases at BiciFix

In our workshop, we’ve seen several recurring issues:

• Speed sensor errors (503): often caused by misaligned magnets after transport or impact.
  
• Loose chainrings (Bosch Gen 4): a common problem. We recommend replacing the main nut and applying Loctite 242.
  
• Motors with play, noise, or water ingress: preventive maintenance is key — regular cleaning, grease replacement, and seal checks.
  

Preventive Recommendations

✔ Keep battery contacts clean and dry.
✔ Avoid washing with high-pressure water.
✔ Update software regularly via Bosch eBike Flow App.
✔ Schedule preventive maintenance every 12 months or 5,000 km (especially grease and bearing service).
✔ Always use original Bosch batteries and chargers to avoid authentication errors.

If the Error Persists

If, after restarting and checking all connections, the error remains, the best option is to visit a Bosch-certified eBike workshop.

At BiciFix (Gandía, Valencia) we provide:

• Official Bosch diagnostic tools.
  
• Complete service for Bosch, Shimano, and Yamaha motors.
  
• Specific bearing and grease kits for each model.
  

Visit our Bosch Motor Repair Service or book your diagnostic appointment via WhatsApp.

FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

Can I keep riding with an error code?
It depends. Minor sensor issues may still allow assistance, but motor faults will usually cut off power.

What happens if I ignore a code?
It can worsen the issue — for example, riding with a damaged bearing can lead to total motor failure.

Are the codes the same for all Bosch models?
Most are, though some vary slightly between generations (Performance Line, Active Line, CX, etc.).

Conclusion

Bosch eBike error codes are not something to fear — they’re diagnostic tools designed to help you detect problems early.
Many issues can be fixed easily by restarting, cleaning, or updating software.
If the problem persists, professional diagnostics ensure long-term reliability.

At BiciFix, we help keep your eBike running smoothly with original parts, expert repairs, and certified service.

Disclaimer: Codes above 590 and internal Drive Unit errors (5A1xxx–69xx) are documented in Bosch diagnostic software and may vary depending on firmware version.
For these, contact an authorized Bosch service center for full analysis.